Vilanova y Piera, J. (1872)
“Lo prehistórico en España” - Prehistory in Spain
Anales de la Sociedad Española de Historia Natural. Tomo I: Separata. Madrid (Facsimile edition)
In this work, published by Juan Vilanova and Piera (1872) in the Museo Español de Antigüedades (Spanish Museum of Antiquities), Geology is cited as one of the most solid foundations of the primitive history of man.
Ezquerra del Bayo, J. (1841)
“Paleontología. Algo sobre los huesos fósiles de las inmediaciones de Madrid” - Palaeontology: Some information on the fossil bones from the vicinity of Madrid
Anales de Minas, 2:213-217. Madrid (Facsimile edition)
This is the work of Ezquerra del Bayo, and it describes the discovery of fossils of antediluvian animals (with colossal proportions) in the vicinity of the San Isidro site. Ezquerra also translated into Spanish: Elements of Geology by Charles Lyell, a work with a notable influence on the natural sciences.
Del Prado y Valle, C. (1864)
“Descripción física y geológica de la provincia de Madrid” - Physical and geological description of the province of Madrid
Junta General de Estadística, Madrid (Facsimile edition)
This work covered what was the first comprehensive work on the geology and palaeontology of Madrid. Due to the explicit mention of the human presence during the Quaternary (Diluvial; superficial flooding period) in Madrid (attested by the stone industry found in the sediments of this age), the San Isidro site had fully entered the history of palaeontology and prehistory.
Geological and natural history (zoological) plan of the Quaternary and part of the Tertiary terrain of Madrid
Last third of the 19th century
A piece of great historiographical value: one of the geological sections of San Isidro prepared by Emilio Rotondo Nicolau, a great collector of archaeological objects in the 1870s. These were large stratigraphic sections made on wooden boards, with materials collected from the site itself glued to them, including fossil fragments and lithic industries, along with lead animal figurines from toys of the time.
